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KMID : 0360419660020010049
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Korean Journal of Pharmacology
1966 Volume.2 No. 1 p.49 ~ p.69
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Studies on the Pharmacodynamic Action of Methemoglobin
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Abstract
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For the purpose of stydying the pharmacodynamic action of methemoglobin, the author made the following experiments:
1. Preparation of hemoglobin and methemoglobin solutions: Red cell suspension from rabbit blood was hemolysed with distilled water and then divided into two portions. One portion was dialysed through cellophane paper and made isotonic with the proper amount of sodium chloride. The second portion was treated with sodium nitrite to convert hemoglobin to methemoglobin, dialysed threugh cellophane paper and made isotonic.
2. The concentration of methemoglobin in solution, plasma and urine was determined by Horecker and Brackette´s method, and that of hemoglobin by the cyanmethemoglobin method.
3. The concentration of methemoglobin and hemoglobin in the plasma and urine of rabbits was measured at several intervals of time after infusion of the above samples.
4. The blood pressure and respiration of rabbits were recorded on a kymograph, and the effects of the samples on them were observed.
5. The effects of the samples on the movements of the in-situ heart and the isolated intestine of rabbits were studied.
6. The kidneys of rabbits were excised 4 to 5 hours after injection of the samples, and histopathological examinations were made.
These experiments revealed the following results:
1. When methemoglobin solution was allowed to stand in room air, there was no decrease in the concentration of methemoglobin.
2. When methemoglobin solution was mixed with whole blood and incubated at 37℃, the concentration of methemoglobin decteased gradually.
3. After the infusion of methemoglobin and hemoglobin solutions, the rate of disappearance of methemoglobin in the plasma was more rapid than that of hemoglobin in the plasma. The higher the initial concentration in the plasma, the larger was the rate of disappearance of methemoglobin.
4. The rate of disappearance of methemoglobin was exceedingly rapid for 30 minutes after the infusion.
5. The urinary excretion of methemoglobin was more rapid than that of hemoglobin.
6. It would seem that the circulating blood contains substances which are promptly mobilized in the plasma to reduce methemoglobin to hemoglobin.
7. Moderate amounts of methemoglobin solution caused some rise in the blood pressure and a transient acceleration of the respiration of the rabbits. These effects of methemoglobin were milder than those of hemoglobin.
8. The movements of the in-situ heart and the isolated intestine of rabbits were accelerated by methemoglobin. These accelerating effects were milder than those of hemoglobin.
9. In the kidneys of rabbits treated with methemoglobin solution, hyperemia of the glomeruli, cloudy swelling and hemoglobin deposit in the tubular epithelium, hemoglobin casts in the tubular lumina of the proximal tubules, and interstitial congestion were constantly observed. There was no definite difference between the histological findings in the rabbit kidneys injected with methemoglobin, and those injected with hemoglobin solutions.
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